John Steinbeck Living the Story Essay - 582 Words

John Steinbeck was one of the great authors of his time. He was the winner of a Nobel Prize, and among other accomplishments. Many of his experience and knowledge are incorporated throughout his stories. Steinbeck strived to accomplish everything that he did during his lifetime. Nothing came easy and he had to work hard to earn everything in his life. This experience and hardship helped him with his writing, as he was able to write about real people and experiences. Steinbeck got his inspiration from life experiences, people he knew, and places he had visited. Steinbeck’s life experiences good and bad helped shape him as a writer. He went through many phases in his life that were not easy to deal with. In other words Whatever does not†¦show more content†¦Lastly, Steinbeck was a WWII transcript writer during the earlier years of his life. During this time, Steinbeck had not yet become known and one of the only ways that he could get paid for his writing was to be a w ar correspondent for the Herald Tribune in Europe. This took place in 1943, yet it stayed with Steinbeck for the rest of his life. This is illustrated in his most successful novel titled The Grapes of Wrath. This novel was about a family trying to survive during the second Great War. The detail put into The Grapes of Wrath proves that Steinbecks prior knowledge of the war helped him in his writing. John Steinbecks works all include a little piece of himself. The blatant use of his experience in his stories suggests that Steinbeck felt his experiences were so important that he could not help but incorporate them in his works. Steinbeck incorporated his many experiences into his works through events and characters. For instance, his history in marine biology snuck its way into Cannery Row as well as his ranch hand knowledge, and his writings about the war. This use of life experiences in his novels was not meant to be a secret. The use of these familiarities further proves Steinbeckâ €™s life experiences affected his writing in many ways. During his life, Steinbeck met many people. The people he met had many character types that aided in the unique diversity of his characters. Almost all of the main characters in his novels, as well as some of the otherShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s The Grapes Of Wrath And Of Mice And Men 1433 Words   |  6 Pagesare; and the important things in life are love and beauty, which bring joy to the process of living. These answers are the philosophy of John Steinbeck † (Benson 555). John Steinbeck was a major American writer who has written many books, which have come to be known as classic American stories. Examples of these classic stories are The Grapes of Wrath, The Red Pony, and Of Mice and Men. John Steinbeck is worthy of the praise he has received for his contributions to American literature because heRead MoreLife of John Steinbeck974 Words   |  4 Pagesthe famous American writer was John Ste inbeck. He earned a Nobel prize of literature from his American classic novels that he had written in the past. The Nobel prize was not the only award that he had earned for his literature, he earned different awards for his writings also (John Stein..). John Steinbeck is a man who had overcome different obstacles and being successful in life. Everyone has a life history, John Steinbeck also has a history of his own. His life story began on February 27, 1902, inRead MoreThe Grapes Of Wrath And Of Mice And Men1644 Words   |  7 PagesJarvis Johnson Research Paper John Steinbeck is an American author of 27 books, widely known for award winning novels, The Grapes of Wrath and Of Mice and Men; Steinbeck is also a Nobel Prize winning of Literature. Steinbeck’s writing expresses realistic and creative thoughts, combining as they do compassionate comedy (through Lennie) and intense social perception with their surrounding national culture. John Steinbeck, â€Å"Of mice and Men†, Printed in 1937, articulating a tale of characters, GeorgeRead More Symbolism in The Grapes of Wrath Essay example1446 Words   |  6 PagesSymbolism in The Grapes of Wrath  Ã‚      John Steinbeck is an author known worldwide for his compelling stories and novels. One such novel is The Grapes of Wrath. This novel was written to expose the plight of those dispossessed from their lands by the Great Depression. Steinbeck uses several literary elements to help relate the story to the reader. In The Grapes of Wrath, as in his other works, Steinbeck relies on the use of symbolism to strengthen and enhance the plot. By far, the mostRead MoreThe Struggle for Equality and Respect in a Man’s World Essay example928 Words   |  4 Pages John Steinbeck’s short story â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† portrays the struggle for equality and respect in a man’s world for the protagonist Elisa Allen. Steinbeck defines Elisa as a strong, proud woman who is limited from personal, social, and sexual fulfillment by the prevailing conception of a womans role in a world dominated by men. From the beginning of the story, Steinbeck effortlessly describes boundaries Elisa faces through the detailed description of the geography and weather. Steinbeck notesRead MoreWhat Influenced John Steinbeck?. What Exactly Influenced884 Words   |  4 PagesWhat influenced John Steinbeck? What exactly influenced Steinbeck’s writings? Was it his background, his past, or was it the way he grew up and learned. There are many factors that come into play when trying to depict what exactly influenced an author. A lot of people believe that he was heavily influenced by California, where he lived. As many as nine of his works were proven to be based off of some part of california life in his time. But not all of his inspiration could simply come from CaliforniaRead More John Steinbeck Essay1735 Words   |  7 Pages John Steinbeck was born on February 27, 1902 in Salinas, California, a farming community with of about 2500 people. He was the third of four children and the only son of John Ernst and Olive Hamiton Steinbeck. His sisters Beth and Esther were much older than John and he felt closest to Mary, the youngest. He spent his childhood and adolescence in the Salinas Valley, which he later called â€Å"the salad bowl of the nation.† John’s mother, Olive, was the daughter of Irish immigrants. She left her parents’Read MoreTheme Of Irony In Cannery Row1633 Words   |  7 Pages Lauren Skalet ENG-101 Ms.Hoelle December 12, 2017 The Irony of Cannery Row The book Cannery Row by John Steinbeck provides several examples of irony, which shed light on life during this time in history and demonstrates the humanity of people that are traditionally looked down on and seen as less fortunate. The story of Cannery Row takes place shortly following the Great Depression when despite many areas were seeing relief through increased job opportunities, there were still many areas like CanneryRead MoreThe Descriptive Writing Style of John Steinbeck1122 Words   |  5 Pagesbook are going through. Not only does the story focus on the problems one family goes through, but explains the problem is happening to many more civilians than the story focuss on. Steinbeck does not leave out a single detail about the Joad family and their journey to California, and that in itself is what makes his writing so entertaining. Not only is this a very powerful topic to write about, but the remarkable writing style of author John Steinbeck makes this book a masterpiec e. From the intenselyRead More John Steinbeck was born to middle-lower class family in the farming1689 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Steinbeck was born to middle-lower class family in the farming community of Salinas, California. John’s Steinbeck Imagine†¦ your town is suddenly stricken with poverty. Your family business goes under because the economy of your local community can no longer support it. Herds of your closest friends continually move out of the town you grew up in due to a severe shortage of work. The basic necessities of life are so scarce that everyone around you reverts to their animalistic urges

Eating Disorder Reflection Paper - 1341 Words

Reflection on impact of societal ideas on body image and eating disorder. Nah! you are not skinny enough, no one wants a fat guy or a girl, do not eat that you will never get skinny, sadly but truly we are consistently being reminded with phrases like these to pursue a socially accepted thin and trimmed figure. Eating disorders are chronic and serious illness that engages a person into severe irregular eating behaviors to satisfy their distress about maintaining a thin figure and low body weight. The widely known types of eating disorders are Anorexia Nervosa, is a fear of gaining weight, in which an extremely little food is consumed causing a significant lower body weight. The other common type of eating disorder is Bulimia Nervosa, in†¦show more content†¦In my opinion, when people began to lose weight the first thing to do is skip their meals since it is easier to do so than exercising. However, as pleasing as it sounds that people are thriving to achieve my body type I am somewhat indirectly encouraging them towards eating disorders since thei r distorted perception of their body figure does not allow them to perceive themselves as thin or healthy but instead fat. In our society the model of beauty is characterized by a thin frame in females and a muscular frame in males but, I began to ask what might be the cause of these societal pressures on our body images. In my opinion these perfect and ideal body images are triggered by media, prejudice in body size, and peer pressure since we are constantly exposed to these sources in our everyday lives. In developed countries, mass media plays a direct role in regards to eating disorders by allowing people to acknowledge their thin ideals and values that being beautiful means being thin. People are progressively exposed to perfect images in media via television, magazines, internet, and video games; for example, compared to past years, females are portrayed as non-curvy, tall and with a perfect skin and males are portrayed as tall, muscular with no chest hair; this evidence is consistent with the rise in eating disorder as people try to internalize their thin ideals and manifest themselves in abnormal eatingShow MoreRelatedEffects Of The Fitbit Fitness Band Essay965 Words   |  4 Pages In her blog post â€Å"It Happened to Me: My Fitbit Reignited My Eating Disorder†, Martin (2015) discussed how the features of a fitness band led to an eating disorder relapse. Eating disorders are characterized by pervasive fear of gaining weight and altered perception of body image (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Eating disorders may also be associated with restrictive eating and compensatory behaviors (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Martin (2015) argued that the conditioning effectsRead MoreMindfulness : The Practice Of Mindfulness1556 Words   |  7 PagesKabat-Zinn, 1982). MBSR is an 8-week training in mindfulness meditation which consists of weekly 2.5-hour group classes and one day-long silence retreat. MBSR has been found to be effective in the management of stress, physical illnesses, and psychiatric disorders with a range of clinical and non-clinical popula tions (Grossman, Niemann, Schmidt, Walach, 2004; Cramer, Lauche, Paul, Dobos, 2012; Lauche, Cramer, Dobos, Langhorst, Schmidt, 2013). MBSR was later combined with elements of Cognitive-BehaviouralRead MoreThe Negativity Of Media Towards Woman1646 Words   |  7 PagesAnna Wright Mrs. Ford Junior Research Paper February 10, 2015 The negativity of media towards woman â€Å"We are constantly surrounded by all sorts of media and we construct our identities in part through media images we see†(Ossola, Alexandra). In the world we live in today we are constantly bombarded by impossible standards of how we should look and behave, and this has a very negative effect on women of all ages. Women suffer from horrible stereotypes and images that make them think less ofRead MoreThe Impact Of Media On Body Dysmorphic Disorder Essay1733 Words   |  7 Pagesbody of the model and not think much of it. But for those who suffer from Body Dysmorphic Disorder, this will affect them in a completely different way. Body Dysmorphic Disorder is â€Å"a body image disorder characterized by persistent and intrusive preoccupations with an imagined or slight defect in one’s appearance† (ADAA, 2014). The impact that advertisements can have on those suffering from Body Dysmorphic Disorder, can be crucial to their mental health. These individuals will begin to obsess over changingRead MoreEssay about Pro-Anorexia Websites1686 Words   |  7 Pageshas developed into a tool that allows people struggling with anorexia to potentially find a sa nctuary from the regulatory systems in popular culture that are applied to women’s bodies. Cyberspace provides an alternative space for women with eating disorders or body issues. The space created by cyberspace is potentially safer for women to meet because it allows anonymity while simultaneously being part of a community that the built environment is unable to provide. The components that make up pro-anorexiaRead MoreThe Autism Spectrum : Reflection Paper1708 Words   |  7 Pages The Asperger’s Disorder in the Autism Spectrum: Reflection Paper Psychology 340: Fundamentals of Psychopathology Marie-Eve Lefebvre Concordia University The definition of Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) says: â€Å"[†¦] considered to be the result of some structural differences in the brain that are usually evident at birth or become apparent as the child begins to develop.† (Butcher, Mineka, Hooley, Taylor Antony, 2010) I am sure that modern discovery related to theRead MoreObesity And Weight Loss And Obesity1673 Words   |  7 PagesObesity Obesity and weight loss is an issue that many men and women deal with on a daily basis. According to the Mayo Clinic obesity is defined as a complex disorder involving an excessive amount of body fat (Mayo, 1998-2016). Obesity in men, women, and children increases the risk of diseases and health problems, such as heart disease, diabetes and high blood pressure. Early prevention during childhood deceases the chances of the individual being obese during adulthood. Early prevention includesRead MoreMy Greatest Challenge As A Group Facilitator1739 Words   |  7 Pageshand group, therapy is a type of psychological therapy that is conducted with a group of people facing similar issues and is led by a trained mental health expert. Group therapy is exceedingly beneficial to individuals with addiction problems, eating disorders and other psychological issues. Being surrounded by people who have dealt with similar challenges and consequences helps clients to become cognizant that they are n ot alone, and this revelation can be comforting and relieving to the individualRead MoreThe Backseat Driver : A Journey Of Sexual Abuse944 Words   |  4 PagesExpository Essay 5 Backseat Driver 6 â€Å"Molest†* 7 Age 7 8 Teeth* 9 Old Friend 10 Traffic Guards* 11 Flashbacks* 12 Age 14 13 Letter to a Shadow* 14 Signature 15 Angeline 16 I’m fine* 17 Candle 18 Emancipation* 19 Changing the Story 20 Age 16 21 Running 22 Reflection 24 Notes 25 Bibliography 26 to my Angeline whom I will always believe is an angel sent to any others trapped in binds of your own minds do not fear freedom to the self-abused your glowing future deserves all you can offer and lastlyRead MoreAs A Client, I Played The Role Of An Individual With Anorexia1292 Words   |  6 Pageshow difficult it would be for someone to come into a counseling office and tell a stranger about their weight, obsession with losing weight, lack of eating, etc. In the role play, I was an 18 year old woman in high school that came into counseling because of her concerned mother. I tried to be resistant and in denial that I had a problem with my eating and desire to lose weight because it seems as if many individuals with Anorexia Nervosa feel as if they do not have a problem. My partner, Jordie, for

Pestel and Porters Tesco Free Essays

PESTEL provides an analysis into the external business factors which may effect the company performances. It can be used on a daily, weekly, monthly and yearly basis to analysis the macro environmental effects on a company. POLITICAL-EU Free trading laws promoting trade between western and eastern European resulting in expansion of tesco retail outlets ECONOMIC-Economic recession has affected consumers buying behaviors. We will write a custom essay sample on Pestel and Porters Tesco or any similar topic only for you Order Now Consumers buy essential commodities however the demand for luxury has decreased. Consumers spend less time eating out and spend more time eating in, in order to cut down on cost. SOCIAL-The majority of the uk population is made up of retired people who spend less on food and eat less. Consumer attitude changing to become more healthy. Increase in demand for organic foods. Increase in UK ethnicity population has lead to a wide range of food items available in store TECHNOLOGICAL-Increase in population access to internet has caused an increase in Online grocery shopping. Loyaty programs has enabled tesco to analyze consumers spending habits. Mobile technology allowing convenient shopping on mobile devices. Self service tills makes buying quicker for customers ENVIRONMENTAL-Incentives to re-use bags and be more environmentally friendly. Recycling center’s available at tescos. Carbon foot print data available on some products. Greener living scheme which advices customers on environmental issues such as how to reduce food waste and carbon foot print when preparing meals LEGAL-Increase in VAT rate will affect the non-food sector of tescos. Increase of minimum wage of over 21s (from 6. 08 to 6. 9) impacts operating costs. PORTERS 5 forces allows the analysis of the competitive environment. SUBSTITUTE of PRODUCTS and services-Low threat of substitute for food products as tescos provides quality goods at low prices Substitutes- indirect- pubs offering food, local marketss or shops, on line suppliers New COMPETITORS – Low rate of competition from new entrants into the market because it takes a huge investment and a new business pathway to capture customers however lidl, aldi have come in to the market capturing a new market with lower prices. Marks and spencer offer food at the high end of the market Old COMPETITORS – High rate of competition from other food retail stores such as asda, Morrison, Sainsbury’s and waitros in the form of price, promotions and retaining customer loyalty. Competitors Sainsbury etc compete as a traditional competitor for market share BARGINING POWER OF BUYERS High bargaining powers of buyers in the supermarkets, high. We have lots of choice as to where we shop. Tesco have to keep on their toes to be competitive. When I take the DLR to work however the buyer has no power, no choice, so prices go up BARGINING POWERS OF SUPPLIERS – suppliers to supermarkets have little power and get squeezed by the big boys. they have to supply at a lower price, will not get paid by tesco until it suits tesco. How to cite Pestel and Porters Tesco, Papers

How I Decided to Change My Life free essay sample

ENGLISH 2 COMPOSITION NANCYCABRERA THE DAY I DECIDED TO CHANGE MY LIFE The day I decided to change my life was the day I called upon the Lord. I was ready to take my precious life, in my room stretched against the wall with a knife in my hands ready to slit my wrist. I was crying intensely, and as I was trying to a Voice reminded me that I had 3 Boys who needed me , I started to cry and Called on Jesus to please help me. There is a point in life where we all decided to change many can find the way out. Others aren’t so fortunate; they never call upon the only one who can save their soul and life. My life hasn’t been easy there were many times in my life where I know the Lord was there to save me. Countless times I was in Near death Experiences where from My Car catching on Fire as I was driving, to Car Accidents where my Car flipped and thought I was never going to make it. We will write a custom essay sample on How I Decided to Change My Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Reality was I was headed down the wrong Road and all the while God was trying to catch my attention. Many times I did what I wanted, lived how I wanted, and never took time to truly seek him or know him. But change and a complete 360 change cannot occur unless we surrender and acknowledge our maker. I remember that my life was a wreck from Drinking and Partying Every Single Night, to having countless Relations with different partners not really ever finding love but just heart breaks. I had no goals in my life and thought life was just one great party. To make money I sold Drugs and escorted myself as a means to get by with fast money, I realized that this world sends this message to world yet it was illegal. My life was headed down the path that many are on now and I job knowing the Lord is to tell them there is hop found in the Lord Jesus. See before changing my life I had seeked Religion and other ways I thought could lead me to God but never did from Catholic to Jehovah Witness to Wiccan nothing could connect me or lead me to the true source of life. But then when I called upon him He answered. My life totally changed after my Ex-boyfriend got arrested from Selling Drugs, God had a plan for me because I was in New York at the time this happened. When I got back his Probation was to attend a Church Ministry Barbeque where they Spoke and preached about Jesus Christ. I had never heard the Gospel this way and for the first time I truly felt the Presence and Love of God, that Day they asked me if I wanted to receive Jesus as my Lord and Savior and I said yes. From that Day forward my life changed completely not only did I stop doing drugs, drinking, partying and having sex with every guy that was attractive to me but God finally started speaking to me, leading me to get my life in order the bible which once was not understandable I finally could read and he spoke to me through it. To many they don’t realize that change comes from the heart and that we all need to find the missing piece of our life which is God to find true change.

Heart Essays (596 words) - Kurtz, Joseph Conrad, Heart Of Darkness

Heart Of Darkness By Conrad In the novella Heart if Darkness by Joseph Conrad Marlow and Kurtz undergo similar journeys through the most evil and dark regions of their psyche; however, Marlow is able to realize the darkness inside him and retain his soul before he reverts to a savage animal-like Kurtz has. Marlow's disillusionment begins as he arrives on the shore of Africa. When he first arrives on the coast of Africa he sees a large warship bombarding the overgrown forest that has encroached on the beach. This firing is random and is only pointless destruction. He sees the natives, and the people view them as their enemies. Marlow thinks of them as enemies at first, however when he sees them up close he thinks they are nothing more than "black shadows of disease and starvation." Marlow sees the natives clinging to the shade which seems cooler and peaceful but when he enters the shade he realizes it is actually "a gloomy circle of some inferno." Marlow identifies with Kurtz finding many of the same qualities that Kurtz has in himself. Marlow idolizes Kurtz. Marlow sees a freeness and rebellious quality he wishes he could possess. Marlow sees that Kurtz has embraced his savage side when he goes and travels with the native savages. Marlow shows he has the savage qualities as well when he follows Kurtz into the forest, but not to the extreme Kurtz has. Marlow also shows his savageness when he is first in Africa when he and his men are carrying a dead man. One of his men expects to see Marlow kill someone, this man sees that Marlow has the potential to kill a man. Marlow realizes that Kurtz is a savage by his actions and behavior. First Marlow is horrified by the human heads on the poles outside his house. Marlow is also outraged and upset when Kurtz threatened to kill him if he did not give him the ivory. Kurtz is willing to kill over a small amount of ivory. Kurtz's viciousness is shown when he threatens him; because Kurtz does not think, but relies on gut instinct and his survival skills which have allowed him to survive for this time. Marlow tries to distance himself from Kurtz in his mind. Marlow tries to make himself believe that he is not like Kurtz and he will not and can not do the things Kurtz does. When he follows Kurtz he stays to the edge of the woods not venturing any further. This represents Marlow's unwillingness to participate in Kurtz's actions and atrocities. Marlow realizes that the Congo reveals the evil and savagery in an individual. Marlow says, "I seemed to see Kurtz for the first time...the lone white man turning his back suddenly on the headquarters, on relief, on thoughts of home, towards his empty and desolate station." This quote reveals that Kurtz has turned his back on humanity and society. The brickmaker is jealous of Kurtz's position. When Marlow mentions of Kurtz's possible advancement to manager the brickmaker suddenly blows out the candle and stormed outside. Marlow talks with the doctor before his departure to Africa. Foreshadowing is prevalent in this section where the doctor inquires if there is a history madness in his family and how people change when they have ventured into the jungle. The manager said that Kurtz's methods had ruined the district, even though Kurtz is the most productive person consistently exporting ivory. The manager's complaint shows his jealousy of Kurtz. Marlow and Kurtz have similar paths in life, but they each choose a different path. Marlow sees the progression of the human mind in different people at different times. The most extreme savageness is Kurtz, while himself is the beginning of the darkness which lurks in the hearts of all men.

The Iran-Iraq War of 1980-1988

The Iran-Iraq War of 1980-1988 The Iran-Iraq War of 1980 to 1988 was a grinding, bloody, and in the end, completely pointless conflict. It was sparked by the Iranian Revolution, led by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, which overthrew Shah Pahlavi in 1978-79. Iraqi President Saddam Hussein, who despised the Shah, welcomed this change, but his joy turned to alarm when the Ayatollah began calling for a Shia revolution in Iraq to overthrow Saddams secular/Sunni regime. The Ayatollahs provocations inflamed Saddam Husseins paranoia, and he soon began calling for a new Battle of Qadisiyyah, a reference to the 7th-century battle in which the newly-Muslim Arabs defeated the Persians. Khomeini retaliated by calling the Baathist regime a puppet of Satan. In April  1980, Iraqi Foreign Minister Tariq Aziz survived an assassination attempt, which Saddam blamed on the Iranians. As Iraqi Shias began to respond to the Ayatollah Khomeinis call for revolt, Saddam cracked down hard, even hanging Iraqs top Shia Ayatollah, Mohammad Baqir al-Sadr, in April of 1980. Rhetoric and skirmishes continued from both sides throughout the summer, though Iran was not at all militarily prepared for war. Iraq Invades Iran On September 22, 1980, Iraq launched an all-out invasion of Iran. It began with airstrikes against the Iranian Air Force, followed by a three-pronged ground invasion by six Iraqi Army divisions along a 400-mile-long front in the Iranian province of Khuzestan. Saddam Hussein expected ethnic Arabs in Khuzestan to rise up in support of the invasion, but they did not, perhaps because they were predominantly Shiite. The unprepared Iranian army was joined by the Revolutionary Guards in their efforts to fight off the Iraqi invaders. By November, a corps of some 200,000 Islamic volunteers (untrained Iranian civilians) were also throwing themselves against the invading forces. The war settled into a stalemate throughout much of 1981. By 1982, Iran had gathered its forces and successfully launched a counter-offensive, using human waves of Basij volunteers to drive the Iraqis back from Khorramshahr. In April, Saddam Hussein withdrew his forces from Iranian territory. However, Iranian calls for the end to monarchy in the Middle East convinced reluctant Kuwait and Saudi Arabia to begin sending billions of dollars in aid to Iraq; none of the Sunni powers wished to see Iranian-style Shia revolution spreading southward. On June 20, 1982, Saddam Hussein called for a ceasefire that would return everything to the pre-war status quo. However, Ayatollah Khomeini rejected the proffered peace, calling for Saddam Husseins removal from power. The Iranian clerical government began to prepare for an invasion of Iraq, over the objections of its surviving military officers. Iran Invades Iraq On July 13, 1982, Iranian forces crossed into Iraq, heading for the city of Basra. The Iraqis, however, were prepared; they had an elaborate series of trenches and bunkers dug into the earth, and Iran soon ran short on ammunition. In addition, Saddams forces deployed chemical weapons against their opponents. The ayatollahs army was quickly reduced to complete dependence on suicide attacks by human waves. Children were sent to run across mine-fields, clearing the mines before the adult Iranian soldiers could hit them, and instantly become martyrs in the process. Alarmed by the prospect of further Islamic revolutions, President Ronald Reagan announced that the U.S. would do whatever was necessary to prevent Iraq from losing the war with Iran. Interestingly enough, the Soviet Union and France also came to Saddam Husseins aid, while China, North Korea, and Libya were supplying the Iranians. Throughout 1983, the Iranians launched five major attacks against the Iraqi lines, but their under-armed human waves could not break through the Iraqi entrenchments. In retaliation, Saddam Hussein sent missile attacks against eleven Iranian cities. An Iranian push through the marshes ended with them gaining a position just 40 miles from Basra, but the Iraqis held them there. The Tanker War In the spring of 1984, the Iran-Iraq War entered a new, maritime phase when Iraq attacked Iranian oil tankers in the Persian Gulf. Iran responded by attacking the oil tankers of both Iraq and its Arab allies. Alarmed, the U.S. threatened to join the war if the oil supply was cut off. Saudi F-15s retaliated for attacks against the kingdoms shipping by shooting down an Iranian plane in June  1984. The tanker war continued through 1987. In that year, U.S. and Soviet naval ships offered escorts to oil tankers to prevent them being targeted by the belligerents. A total of 546 civilian ships were attacked and 430 merchant seamen killed in the tanker war. Bloody Stalemate On land, the years 1985 to 1987 saw Iran and Iraq trading offensives and counter-offensives, without either side gaining much territory. The fighting was incredibly bloody, often with tens of thousands killed on each side in a matter of days. In February of 1988, Saddam unleashed the fifth and deadliest missile attack on Irans cities. Simultaneously, Iraq began to prepare a major offensive to push the Iranians out of Iraqi territory. Worn down by eight years of fighting and the incredibly high toll in lives, Irans revolutionary government began to consider accepting a peace deal. On July 20, 1988, the Iranian government announced that it would accept a UN-brokered ceasefire, although Ayatollah Khomeini likened it to drinking from a poisoned chalice. Saddam Hussein demanded that the Ayatollah revoke his call for Saddams removal before he would sign the deal. However, the Gulf States leaned on Saddam, who finally accepted the ceasefire as it stood. In the end, Iran accepted the same peace terms the Ayatollah had rejected in 1982. After eight years of fighting, Iran and Iraq returned to the antebellum status quo - nothing had changed, geopolitically. What had changed was that an estimated 500,000 to 1,000,000 Iranians were dead, along with more than 300,000 Iraqis. Also, Iraq had seen the devastating effects of chemical weapons, which it later deployed against its own Kurdish population as well as the Marsh Arabs. The Iran-Iraq War of 1980-88 was one of the longest in modern times, and it ended in a draw. Perhaps the most important point to be drawn from it is the danger of allowing religious fanaticism on one side to clash with a leaders megalomania on the other.

Individual portfolio on global enterprise Essay - 2

Individual portfolio on global enterprise - Essay Example The introduction of globalisation along with its effectiveness is generally considered to have commenced in the decade of 1980s. The different aspects and the procedure of globalisation have become one of the key components for the financial development of a particular nation. In this context, the business organisations deeply concentrate upon globalisation factor because it might affect their financial performance along with other business aspects by a significant level (Stewart, 2007). Thus, on the basis of above discussed grounds, it can be stated that globalisation can be measured as a multidimensional character that crucially affects towards the worldwide phenomena. In this particular paper, the conception of globalisation along with its different impacts and importance towards the economy of a particular nation and also on the business organisations will be depicted. ... of Emirates Airlines will also be depicted. In addition, certain discussions will also be portrayed on the basis of a presentation along with developing an efficient idea regarding the conduct of the project. Section 1: Literature Review of Globalisation Theory According to Bertucci & Alberti, the conception of globalisation is fundamentally defined as a worldwide complex phenomenon that covers a broad assortment of trends along with tendencies particularly in the communal, cultural and financial dimensions. It can be described as a flow of products as well as services in different countries and it increases the global interrelation of business culture, people and financial functions. Moreover, Bertucci & Alberti also stated that globalisation facilitates in the worldwide distribution of the manufacturing products along with services through reducing certain restrictions towards international trade that include the export charges, tariffs and taxes and import quotas among others. It also minimises the restrictions upon the movement of investment as well as of capital. Thus, by focusing upon the above discussed functions of globalisation, it can be stated that globalisation may contribute towards financial progression and advancement in different nations whether developed or underdeveloped by a considerable extent (Bertucci & Alberti, n.d.). In this context, Bertucci & Alberti identified that there are certain noteworthy driving forces that lie behind the aspect of globalisation. The important driving forces include technological innovation as well as the notion of entrepreneurship. From the perspective of technological innovation, the introduction of latest and innovative technologies plays an integral role in making the aspect of globalisation